Adding-machine.



No 808,898. PATENTED JAN. 2, 1000. B. R. BEACH.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 10118.28. 1805.

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'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2, 1906.

Application filed March 28, 1905. Serial No. 252,470.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known thatI, EDWIN R. BEACH, a citi- Zen of the United States, anda resident of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding-Ma`chines, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to improvements in adding-machines; and itconsists in the novel features and combinations of parts hereinafkterdescribed, and particularly pointed out in 'the claims.

The invention pertains more particularly to improvements in thecharacter of adding-machines shown and described in Letters Patent ofthe United States N o. 414,335, granted N ovember 5,'1889, to Lester C.Smith, and I have in the accompanying drawings illustrated myinventionas applied to or added in the machine shown in the said patent. Themachine of the said Patent N o. 414,335 comprises as its essentialfeatures two rotating disks or dials, one of which bears the unit andten numerals and the other the hundrednumerals, the latter disk beingdriven from the former through the medium of suitable intermediatemechanism. In the machine of the said patent the unit and ten7 diskbears in consecutive order numerals ranging from 1 to L1OO, the latterbeing represented by two ciphers-thns, OWL-and at each complete rotationof this disk the hundred-disk is moved one space to carry one of itsnumerals to an exposed position in line with the then exposed numeralsof the unit and ten disk, so that the sum may be read through an openingat the adjoining edges of the two disks. The hundred-disk bears thenumerals from l to "50, thelatter being represented by a cipher-thus, 0-this cipher appearing at the end of each rotation of thehundred-diskand while bringing the said disk back to Zero, indicating to the userthat the said disk registers 5,000.7

Considerable difficulty has been experienced in connection with themachine of the aforesaid patent by reason of the fact that in adding uplarge amounts above six thousand the user of the machine must eitherremember how many rotations the hundred dial or disk has made or make amemorandum ofthe same each time the said dial completes a rotation, andthis necessity for either remembering the number of rotations of thehundred-dial or keeping a tally of the same is a matter of seriousconsequence, because of the danger of mistake due to forgetfulness or afailure to accurately tally the rotations made by the hundred-dial.

The object of my invention is to dispense with any necessity forremembering the number of rotations made by the hundred-dial or ofkeeping a written record of the same and to provide an adding-machine inwhich may be preserved the desirable features of the aforesaid patentedmachine and which may be employed for counting to an almost unlimitedsum, the machine illustrated in the drawings forming a part of thisapplication being capable of adding and denoting at the readingopeningsup to two hundred and fifty-four thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine.

The invention will be fully understood from the detailed descriptionhereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 is atop view, partly broken away, of anadding-.machine constructed in accordance with and embodying theinvention. Fig. 2 is a top view, partly broken away, of same, the unitand ten dial andthe numbered fixed ring surrounding the same beingremoved. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of same onthe dotted line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detached bottom view of thehundred-dial with the ring-dial surrounding the same, on which theadding may be carried on up to two hundred and fifty thousand; and Fig.5 is a detached vertical section on the arc of a circle on the dottedline 5 5 of Fig. 3.

In the drawings, 10 designates the general casing of the machine; 11,the unit and ten dial; 12, the hundred-dial; and 14 the ring-dialencircling the dial 12, and which is anew feature in the machine. Thedials 11 12 are mounted on the hollow journals 15 16, respectively, asusual, and with their peripheries nearly in contact at areading-opening' 17, formed in adjacent portions of a fixed ring dial 19and fixed plate 20, said ring-dial 19 being secured to the casing 10 andcovering the outer edge portions of the dial 11, while the plate 20 issecured to the casing 10 and is over the dial 12 and rotary ring dial14.

The dial 11 is stamped or marked with unit and ten numerals from 1 to100 in regular consecutive order, as usual, the one hundred beingdenoted by two ciphers, thus: OO, and adjacent to the line of saidnumerals the dial 11 is formed with a series of one hundred perforations21, arranged in a IOO IIO

circle and so as to stand close to the inner edge of the fixed ring dialor plate 19, which ring dial or plate 19 bears a series of one hundrednumbered graduation marks. The dial 11 during the counting is operatedby the insertion of a stylus in the proper perforations 21 therein andthe movement of said stylus until it reaches the lixed stop 22 in alfamiliar manner. There are no new features connected with the dial 11or lixed ring dial or plate 19.

The hundred-dial 12 bears a series of numerals ranging from 1 to 50 inregular consecutive order, the fifty denoted by an individual cipher,and this dial 12 has secured to its lower face a ratchet-wheel 23, whichis engaged by a spring draw-pawl 24 and springdog 25, and the said pawl24 is adapted to each rotation of the dial 11 to impart alimited rotarymovement,` equal to one tooth of the ratchet 23 to the dial 12, the saidpawl receiving its movement from a volute cam 26, carried by the dial 11and cooperating with a pivoted arm 27 and hammer 28, all as fully shownand described in the aforesaid Letters Patent. The volute cam 26, arrn27. springpawl 24, hammer 28, dog 25, and ratchet 23 constituteconvenient mechanism for transmitting motion from the dial 11 to thedial 12, and these devices require no special description, since they.are all disclosed for a like purpose in the aforesaid Letters Patent.During the rotation or' the dial 11 its numerals are carried by thereading-opening 17 and on any rotation of the dial 12 its numerals arecarried by the said reading-opening, so that upon the cessation of anymovement of the said dials the sum denoted thereon may be read at theopening 17. The dial 12 is formed with the series of apertures 29 toreceive the stylus when it is desired to independently rotate the saiddial 12, as when hundreds are to be added, and along one edge of theopening at the center of the stationary plate 2O is formed a recess 30for exposing a series of said apertures 29, and the plate 2O along theedge ol' the said recess bears a series of numbered graduation-marks toguide the operator in rotating the dial 12, each of saidgraduation-marks denoting one hundred. The dial 12 is also formed withan aperture 31, by means of which, in connection with a stylus, the dialmay be at one movement returned to Zero, which is the position in whichit is illustrated in Fig. 1, the stylus, upon the dial 12 reaching aZero position, coming up against a stop 32, and the cipher on the dial12 be- Coming arrested at the reading-opening 17.

1t will be understood that the dial 11 is employed exclusively foradding units and tens, the sum of this addition being disclosed at thereading-opening 17, and that with each rotation of the dial 11 the dial12 is moved a space equal to one of the teeth of the ratchetwheel 23, soas to bring one of its numerals at the reading-opening 17. Thus upon thedial 11 completing one rotation and bringing its two ciphers to thereading-opening 17'the dial 12 will turn one predetermined space andbring the numeral 1 thereon to the reading-opening 17 thus disclosing atsaid opening 190. If, in the further operation, it should be desired toadd two hundred and lil'ty to the one hundred already denoted, theoperator will insert the stylus at the 50 aperture 21 and rotate thedial 11 until the numeral 50 thereon appears at the reading-opening 17,and then he will with the stylus engage the aperture 29 of the dial 12opposite to the 2 graduation-mark on the plate 2O and rotate the saiddial until the stylus reaches the lower end of the recess 30, therebyrotating the dial 12 a distance equal to two spaces and causing thelatter to display at that time the numeral 3 at the opening 17, whilethe dial 11 discloses the numeral "50 at said opening. lith eachcomplete rotation of the dial 11 the latter returns to its zeroposition, and at each complete rotation o1c the dial 12 the latterreturns to its zero position, disclosing an individual cipher at thereading-opening 17, this cipher denoting live thousand. It' the amountto be added reaches above six thousand, the operator must, in themachine of the aforesaid patent, remember that the dial 12 has made arotation or make a written memorandum of the same, since the capacity ofthe disk 12 is limited to live thousand.

The operation above described with respect to the dials 11 12 isrepresentative ol the prior art, and my invention has to do with means`for increasing the capacity of the machine to, say, two hundred andtitty-four thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine and of obviating thenecessity of remembering or recording the number of rotations made bythe dial 12. 4

The rotary ring-dial 14 encompasses'the hundred-dial 12 and is seatedupon a shoulder formed in the vertical wall of the machine, as indicatedin Fig. 3, said dial 14 being covered by the plate 20, except at thereadingopening 38 and slot 84. The dial 14 bears thousand numeralsranging in multiples of live from 5 up in regular consecutive order, the5 denoting tive thousand and the final cipher or return to zero, twohundred and lit'ty thousand. The dial 14 is formed with the series ofapertures 35 to receive the operating-stylus when necessary, and thenumerals on said dial are adapted to pass below the reading-opening 33in the plate 20, the lirst ot said numerals being a cipher, denotingeither that the dial 14 is at its initial Zei-oposition or has completeda rotation, when said cipher will represent two hundred and li't'tythousand. With each complete rotation ol the dial 12 an addition ot'live thousand will have been made, and hence the numerals on the dial 14are arranged in multiples of live, be-

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cause the dial 14 is to register the rotations of the dial 12 and denotethe total sum of such rotations. Thus when the dial 12 has made onerotation, representing an addition of {ive thousand, the ring-dial 14will move one space and present at the reading-opening' 33 the numeral5, and when the dial 12 is completing a second rotation the ring-dial 14will move another space and register 10 at the reading-opening 33, thusdenoting ten thousand, and so on, the ring-dial 14 moving one space andadding five thousand to be observed at the reading-opening 33 with everyrotation of the dial 12. When all of the amounts shall have been addedon the machine, the operator will find the total sum by reading thenumerals exposed at the readingopenings 33 17.

The ring-dial 14 receives its motion from the dial 12, the lat-ter beingprovided upon its lower surface with a finger 36, which at each rotationof the dial will engage a starwheel 37 and by turning the same one toothoperate a corresponding and connected starwheel 38, whose teeth or armsengage equallyspaced recesses 39, formed in the lower side of the dial14. At each rotation of the dial 12 the arm 36, operating through thestarwheels 37 38, rotates the dial 14 a distance equal to one space, soas to bring the succeeding numeral to an exposed position at the opening33. The star-wheels 37 38 lare secured upon a small shaft 40 and havecorresponding movement and they, with the arm 36, constitute the meansfor imparting intermittent motion from the disk-dial 12 to the ringdial14.

An occasion may arise when it may be desired to add even five thousandsto the previously-added amounts without operating the dials 11 12, andon any such occasion the ringdial 14 may be independently operated bymeans of a stylus in connection with the apertures 35, exposed at theslot 34 in the plate 20, the space between each two of the apertures 35denoting five thousand.

In referring to the operation of the machine it will be unnecessary torepeat what has been said in regard to the manner of utilizing thedisk-dials 11 12, and theoperation of the ringdial 14 will doubtless beunderstood from the explanation hereinbefore given in relation to thesame. The dial 12 makes a complete rotation with every five thousandadded, and in accordance with my invention these multiples of five aretaken care of by the ring-dial 14, which exposes the total amount addedon it at the reading-opening 33 and moves one space with each completerotation ofthe dial 12. The

ring-dial 14 receives its step-by-stcp move-v directly upon thering-dial 14 this may be accomplished byoperating the dial 14 direct(through the slot 34) without disturbing or operating' the dials 11 12.

My invention therefore increases the capacity and utility of theadding-machine by conveniently enabling the adding of an amount far inexcess of iive thousand, which is the limit of the dial 12, the machineshown being' capable of adding on the ring-dial 14 alone two hundred andfifty thousand.

The iinal reading of the total sum added will be from both thereading-openings 33 and 17, the openingl 33 disclosing the thousandsamount represented in multiples of live thousand, and the opening 17disclosing the units of thousands and hundreds amount on the dial 12,and the tens and units amount on the dial 11. Thus if the numeralappeared at the opening 33 and 1500 appeared at the opening` 17 thetotal represented would be 71500.

My invention therefore very greatly increases the capacity of theadding-machine at a very slightly-increased expense of manufacture andwithout unduly adding to the size or complication oil the machine.

/Vhat Iclaim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is4

1. In an adding-machine, the rotativelymounted units and tens dialbearing the line of numerals along its outer edge and having the seriesoi' apertures adjacent thereto, to receive a stylus for rotating saiddial, thev fixed ring-dial over the outer portion of said rotarydisk-dial and bearing numbered graduation-marks extendingaround it alongthe line of said apertures, which are exposed close along the inner edgeof said ring-dial so that the stylus may be guided by said edge, a stopprojecting inwardly over the said rotary dial to arrest the stylus at agiven point, the rotatively-rnount'ed hundreds-disk dial in horizontalline with said units and tens dial and whose peripheral edgesubstantially meets the same at a given reading-point, said hundredsdialbearing the circular line of numerals and having the circular line ofapertures to receive a stylus, a plate over said hundreds-dial andhaving an opening to expose some of said apertures therein and saidplate being numbered along the line of said exposed apertures, and meansJfor transmitting motion from the units and tens dial at each rotationof the same, to said hundreds-dial, combined with a thousands-dial inthe form ofI a ring encompassing but slightly lower than saidhundredsdial and extending at one edge below said units and tens dialand said thousands-dial bearing the circular line of numerals and havingthe circular line of apertures to receive a stylus for actuating thesame, a plate over said thousands-dial havingI an opening' to exposesome of the apertures therein and said plate bearing guiding-numeralsalong the edge of said opening, and means for actuating saidthousands-dial at each rotation of said hun- IOO IIO

dreds-dial, all of said dials being horizontally disposed within acasing and said machine having reading-openings for said dials;substantially as set forth.

2. In an addingmachine, the rotativelymounted units and tens dialbearing the line of numerals along its outer edge and having the seriesor' apertures adjacent thereto to receive a stylus Jfor rotating' saiddial, the fixed ring-dial over the outer portion of said rotarydisk-dial and bearing numbered graduationmarks extending around it alongthe lineoi` said apertures, which are exposed close along the inner edgeofvsaid ring-dial so that the stylus may be guided by said edge, a stopprojecting inwardly over the said rotary dial to arrest the stylus at agiven point, the rotativelymounted hundreds-disk dial in horizontal linewith said units and tens dial and whose peripheral edge substantiallymeets the same at a given reading-point, said hundreds-dial bearing thecircular line of numerals and having the circular line of apertures toreceive a stylus, a plate over said hundreds-dial andy having yanopening to expose some of said apertures therein and said plate beingnumbered along the line of said exposed apertures, and means fortransmitting motion from the units and tens dial at each rotation of thesame,

sosea to said hundreds-dial, combined with a thousands-dial in the formof a ring encompassing but slightly lower than said hundreds-dial andextending at one edge below said units and tens dial, and saidthousands-dial bearing the circular line oil numerals and having thecircular line of apertures to receive a stylus for actuating the same, aplate over said thousands-dial having a segmental opening to exposesoine of the apertures therein and said plate bearing guiding-numeralsalong the edge of said opening, a star-wheel engaging recesses in thelower side of said thousands-dialand connected with a second star-wheel,and an arm carried by said hundreds-dial for engaging said second wheelat each rotation oi' said hundreds-dial and actuating saidthousandsdial, all of said dials being horizontally disposed within acasing and said machine having reading-openings for said dials;substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State oi' NewYork, this 27th day of March, A. D. 1905.

EDWIN R. BEACH.

Witnesses:

CHAs. C. GILL, ARTHUR MARION,

